Hydrocarbons are organic substances composed of carbon. The straightchain molecule, that is, the one not con taining any branches, is. These 2 compounds form a pair of isomers isos, greeks, equal. The following is a list of straight chain and branched alkanes and their common names, sorted by number of carbon atoms. If different carbon atoms are joined together to form open chain of carbon atoms with single bonds, they are termed as alkanes as you have already studied in unit 12. Petroleum and natural gas are the major sources of aliphatic hydrocarbon while coal is an important source of aromatic hydrocarbons. A hydrocarbon is an organic compound that is made up of only carbon and hydrogen. For molecules with the same number of carbon atoms and the. Naming and writing structural and molecular formulas for the straightchain alkanes is straightforward. Natures chemistry topic 1 hydrocarbons st ninians high school. Saturated hydrocarbons contain carboncarbon and carbonhydrogen single bonds.
Briefly, the straightchained isomer left is called nbutane, where the n stands for. Straight chained and branched alkanes follow the same general formula. Request pdf the behavior of sorbitan surfactants at the wateroil interface. The structures at the beginning of a series of straight chained hydrocarbons are shown below. Alkanes can exist in straight chains, chains with branching, and cycles. An example of a branched chained hydrocarbon is 2,2,4trimethylpentane isooctane. Straightchain and branched alkanes chemistry libretexts. Hydrocarbons are chemical compounds composed of atoms of only two elements. The alkanes are named according to the number of carbon atoms in the chain. The smallest branched alkane is 2methylpropane or isobutane pictures shown above. Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds alkanes, or unsaturated. Straightchained hydrocarbons from pentane to dodecane as an oil phase the interfacial tension of four sorbitan. On the other hand, if carbon atoms form a closed chain or a ring, they are termed as.
You will need to consider concepts like properties and characteristics. This longest chain is oct for 8 carbons all the bonds are single bonds, so this is an alkane. Organic compounds contain carbon, which is able to form straight chains and branched chains. If the petrol is rich in straight chained hydrocarbons i. Hydrocarbons compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. The name of each alkane consists of a prefix that specifies the number of carbon atoms and the ending ane. Hydrocarbons organic structures that contain only carbon and. The important fuels like petrol, kerosene, coal gas, cng, lpg etc. Petrol rich in branched chained hydrocarbons burns more smoothly and efficiently. The following is a list of straightchain and branched alkanes and their common names, sorted. The suffix is ane this parent chain is octane ch3 ch3 ch3 chch2chchch2ch3 ch2ch2ch3. Hydrocarbons are molecules that contain only c and h. The carbon atom in an alkane has four sp3 hybridized and forms four single bonds that.